This video illustrates how bubbles freeze. We have experimented with different sizes of bubbles and different air temperatures. It has been seen that for large bubbles, due to the poor thermal conductively of the thin film, the freeze front propagates slowly up to the bubble and comes to a complete stop. The frozen portion of the bubble cools the interior air, which causes the liquid top of the bubble to collapse due to the pressure mismatch. Finally, we show that under isothermal condition, beautiful ice crystals will flow up the bubble due to Marangoni convection and subsequently interlock together during growth.
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